A REVIEW ON MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL TABLETS (KEY IJP************044)

• Satu Srujana,Balasani Pranitha,S. Rohini Reddy,Azmeera Jyothi,Ch. Shanthi Priya

Abstract

Buccal drug delivery systems are designed to deliver drugs through the buccal mucosa for systemic absorption. These systems can be categorized into buccal tablets, films, gels, pastes, and patches. Buccal tablets and films are solid dosage forms that adhere to the buccal mucosa, allowing for controlled release of the drug. Buccal gels and pastes are semi-solid dosage forms that provide prolonged contact time with the buccal mucosa, enhancing drug absorption. Buccal patches are adhesive patches that deliver the drug through the buccal mucosa over a prolonged period. Several theories explain the mechanisms of drug absorption through the buccal mucosa. Transcellular transport involves drugs penetrating the buccal epithelial cells and passing through them to reach the systemic circulation. Paracellular transport occurs when drugs pass between the epithelial cells through the intercellular spaces. Transmembrane diffusion involves drugs diffusing through the lipid bilayer of the cell membranes. Several factors influence the rate and extent of drug absorption through the buccal mucosa. The molecular weight and size of the drug play a role, with small, lipophilic molecules being more readily absorbed compared to larger, hydrophilic molecules. The pH of the drug solution can affect the ionization state of the drug and its absorption through the buccal mucosa. Solubility also plays a crucial role, with highly soluble drugs being absorbed more rapidly compared to poorly soluble drugs. Additionally, the presence of permeation enhancers can enhance the permeability of the buccal mucosa and improve drug absorption. Methods commonly used to evaluate buccal drug delivery systems include in vitro permeation studies, which measure the rate and extent of drug permeation through artificial membranes or excised animal buccal tissue. In vivo bioavailability studies assess the systemic absorption of the drug following buccal administration compared to other routes of administration. Mucoadhesion studies evaluate the adhesive properties of the buccal dosage forms to the mucosal surface, and histological studies examine the histological changes in the buccal mucosa following drug administration to assess any potential tissue damage or irritation.