A Review on the Conservation and Ecological Significance of Xylocarpus Mangroves in Bhitarkanika, Odisha, Amidst Climate Change (KEY IJP************457)

• Satyajit Mahatab,Uday Chand Basak

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in coastal protection, biodiversity conservation, and climate change mitigation. Bhitarkanika National Park in Odisha, India, is one of the most ecologically significant mangrove forests in the country, providing a habitat for diverse flora and fauna. Among its various mangrove species, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus mekongensis, and Xylocarpus moluccensis serve as keystone species, contributing to soil stabilization, faunal diversity, and medicinal applications. However, increasing anthropogenic pressures, including deforestation, aquaculture expansion, and climate-induced impacts, pose severe threats to their survival. This paper examines the ecological significance of Xylocarpusspecies, presents statistical data on mangrove cover loss, and discusses conservation measures implemented to mitigate environmental degradation. Synthesizing information from live observation & previous research papers, this study provides scientific insights into Bhitarkanikas conservation challenges and proposes strategic interventions for sustainable mangrove management.