Revolutionary Innovation in Solar Cells is Breaking Important Energy Thresholds (KEY IJP************461)

• Prof. N. M. Ghogare,Prof. H. M. Kakad,Prof. S. K. Pangarkar,Mr. Tejas V Ware,Mr. Sureshkumar R Kagne

Abstract

Tandem solar cells represent a revolutionary advancement in photovoltaic technology, aiming to overcome the efficiency limitations inherent in traditional single-junction cells. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of tandem solar cell technology, beginning with an introduction to its underlying principles rooted in the Shockley- Queasier limit. Key factors influencing the selection between organic and inorganic tandem cells, such as efficiency, cost, flexibility, and longevity, are thoroughly examined. The intricate working principle of tandem cells is elucidated, delineating how they leverage stacked sub-cells with differing bandgaps to capture a broader spectrum of solar radiation and enhance overall energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the paper delves into the crucial role of the interconnection layer in 2T tandem cells, proposing strategies to facilitate efficient electron and hole transport between sub-cells. Various techniques, including the utilization of conductive layers and tunnel junctions, are explored to address the challenges associated with interconnecting sub-cells while maintaining optimal performance. Through a synthesis of theoretical insights and practical considerations, this research provides valuable guidance for researchers, engineers, and policymakers navigating the evolving landscape of tandem solar cells. By offering a nuanced understanding of materials, configurations, and interconnection methods, this paper contributes to the ongoing efforts to harness solar energy more efficiently and sustainably.Keywords: Tandem solar cells, Photovoltaic technology, Efficiency enhancement, Organic materials, Inorganic materials, Interconnection layer, Energy conversion efficiency.