Agentic AI: A Systematic Review of Architectures, Applications, and Ethical Challenges in Autonomous Systems (KEY IJP************464)

• Neeraj Sharma, Chandni Sikarwar

Abstract

Agentic AI represents a transformative shift in artificial intelligence, characterized by autonomous systems capable of independently pursuing complex objectives with minimal human intervention. Unlike conventional AI, which operates under predefined instructions and close supervision, Agentic AI exhibits adaptability, self-sufficiency, and advanced decision-making in dynamic environments. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Agentic AI, detailing its foundational principles, distinguishing features, and core methodologies that drive its development. We explore its current and prospective applications across critical domains such as healthcare, finance, and adaptive software systems, emphasizing its real-world benefits. Additionally, this study addresses the ethical and operational challenges associated with Agentic AI, including goal alignment, resource optimization, and environmental adaptability. To ensure safe and responsible deployment, we propose a structured framework for integrating Agentic AI into society while highlighting the necessity for ongoing research on ethical and regulatory considerations. This survey serves as a valuable resource for researchers, developers, and policymakers, fostering responsible innovation and maximizing the societal benefits of Agentic AI.