Emerging Trends in Artificial Intelligence: The Rise of TinyML, XAI, and Federated Learning (KEY IJP************756)

• Harsh Bind,Saniya Shourya,Rishabh Jain

Abstract

The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is driving transformative changes across scientific, industrial, and societal domains. This research paper critically examines the emerging trends shaping the future trajectory of AIML, including Generative AI, TinyML, Edge AI, Explainable AI (XAI), Federated Learning, and Quantum Machine Learning. Each of these paradigms addresses fundamental challenges of scalability, interpretability, privacy, and computational efficiency.Rather than viewing these technologies as isolated technical advances, this study approaches them as evolving tools that are increasingly intertwined with human life influencing how we communicate, diagnose illnesses, address environmental crises, and even rethink creativity. Alongside their immense potential, the paper acknowledges the ethical, legal, and societal complexities that accompany these innovations. Through an integrated analysis of technological progress and human-centered implications, this work aims to provide a holistic understanding of how emerging trends in AIML can be steered toward a more responsible, inclusive, and sustainable future.